P - The abbreviation of poise, the CGS derived unit of dynamic viscosity of a fluid.
Packed Column - A tower filled with small objects, designed to obtain large surfaces per volume between rising vapors and a
descending liquid
Packing - Material made usually of woven animal, plant, mineral or metal fiber and some type of lubricant, placed in rings
around the shaft of a pump and used to control leakage from the stuffing box
Packing Gland - The metal part that compresses and holds packing in place in a pump stuffing box
Panel Hammer - A special hammer for metalworking.
Paris Bronze - A term given to brass containing 88% copper, 10% zinc and 2% lead used to produce trinkets and souvenirs.
Partial Pressure - When two or more gases occupy a space and each one creates part of the total pressure.
Particulates - Soluble and insoluble dusts and fumes, including submicrons, pyrophorics, hydrocarbons, and toxic metals
Pascal's Law - Pressure imposed upon a fluid is transmitted equally in all directions
Passivation - The changing of the chemically active surface of a metal to a much less reactive state
Peck - An old unit of volume (approximately 8 quarts)
Peen Hammer - A body hammer with a pein of triangular section with a fairly sharply shaped end.
Peening - The mechanical working of metals by means of hammer blows.
Peierls Stress - The stress required to move a dislocation.
Pein Hammer - A body hammer with a pein of triangular section with a fairly sharply shaped end.
Peltier Effect - When a current flows through a thermocouple junction, heat will either be absorbed or evolved depending on
the direction of current flow. This effect is independent of joule I2 R heating.
penetrant inspection - A method of nondestructive testing for determining the existence and extent of discontinuities that
are open to the surface in the part being inspected.
Peritectic - An isothermal reversible reaction in metals where a liquid phase reacts with a solid phase to produce a single
(and different) solid phase upon cooling.
Permeability - Passage / diffusion of a gas, vapor, liquid, or solid through a material without physically or chemically affecting it
Petrol Engine - An internal-combustion engine in which the fuel is petrol that is drawn or injected into the cylinder along with
air and ignited with an electric spark.
Pewter - Tin-base white metal containing antimony and copper: 1 to 8% Sb and 0.25 to 3% Cu.
PFD - Process flow diagram
pH - The negative logarithm of the hydrogen-ion concentration of a solution; simply a measure of the relative acidity or
alkalinity of a water solution
Phase Diagram - Graphical representation of the temperature and composition limits of phase fields in an alloy or ceramic
system.
Phase Transformation - Changes that can occur within a given material system.
Phonon - A single quantum of vibrational or elastic energy.
Photovoltaic Cell — The smallest semiconductor element within a solar module to perform the immediate conversion of light
into electrical energy. Also called a solar cell.
P&ID - Piping & instrumentation diagram
Pick Hammer - A hammer with a round head for conventional planishing and a small pick-shaped head for working away in
sharp or tight corners.
Pickling - The chemical removal of surface oxides and other contaminants from a material by immersion in an aqueous acid
solution.
Piezoelectric - Any material which provides a conversion between mechanical and electrical energy.
Pilot Hole - A starting hole for large drills to serve as a guide.
Pin Connection - In two dimensions, a pin connection restrains two translation degrees of freedom but does not restrain
rotation.
Pin Spanner - A spanner with pins on forked ends, used to turn an adjustable cup on the bottom bracket of a bicycle.
Piping Stress Analysis - Calculations which address static and dynamic loads on process pipe due to the effects of
temperature, pressure, weight, etc.
Piston - A cylindrical part which reciprocates in the cylinder bore of an engine and transmits the force of the gas pressure
through the connecting rod to the crankshaft.
Piston Pin - A pin that rests in two bored holes in the piston and passes through the eye of the connecting rod, to join the
two together flexibly.
Pitch - Pitch is the distance between the teeth on a gear.
Pitch Circle - The effective working circle of a gear which would be obtained if a pair of gears were replacedwith disks that
transmitted the same motion in the same package space through contact friction.
Pitot Tube - An open ended tube arrangement to face against the current of a stream of fluid; used in measuring the velocity
head of a flowing medium
Plain Cutter - A milling cutter with cutting teeth on the periphery only.
Plastic - A solid material in the primary ingredient of which is an organic polymer of high molecular weight.
Plastic Deformation - Deformation that is permanent or nonrecoverable after release of the applied load.
Plasticine - Modelling Clay.
Plasticity - The inverse of elasticity. A material that tends to stay in the shape or size to which it is deformed has high
plasticity.
Plasticizer - A low molecular weight polymer additive that enhances flexibility and workability and reduces stiffness and
brittleness.
Pneumatic - Operated by air pressure
Point Mobility - The velocity at a point per unit force at the same point and same direction.
Poise - Named after the physicist Poiseuille this is the CGS derived unit of dynamic viscosity.
Poissons Ratio - Ratio of strain in the lateral direction to strain in the axial direction.
Polymorphism - Different crystal structures at different temperatures or pressures for a single compound.
Poppet Valve - A valve opened by the action of a cam and closed by a spring.
Porcelain - Made from china clay, a clay consisting mainly of kaolinite.
Porosity - The presence of gas pockets within a solid material.
Potential Energy - The energy, that a body has by virtue of its position or state, enabling it to do work
Power Density - Characteristic parameter of a battery/electrical power source indicating its electrical power per unit weight or
volume.
Power Factor - A quantity that relates the volt amperes of an AC circuit to the wattage
Power Spectral Density - A method of scaling the amplitude axis of spectra of random rather than deterministic signals.
Power Stroke - The working stroke of a piston.
PPM - Parts per million
Prandtl Number - A dimensionless group often used in heat exchange calculations.
Precession - A modern term, derived from the precession of the equinoxes and meaning a motion around a cone of the
rotation axis of a spinning body.
Precision Casting - Also known as investment or lost wax casting, it is based on the use of a mould that is only used once.
Prepreg - A continuous fibre reinforcement pre-impregnated with a polymer resin which is then partially cured.
Pressure - Force exerted per unit area.
Pressure Coefficient - A dimensionless value which acts as a means of indicating the local pressure at some point of interest
around a body, and which is independent of velocity.
Pressure Welding - Any welding process or method in which pressure is used to complete the weld.
Pressure Zone - As sound waves strike a solid surface, the particle velocity is zero at the surface and the pressure is high,
thus creating a high-pressure layer near the surface.
Prick Punch - A solid punch with a sharp point, used to mark centres or other locations on metal.
Profile - The gear tooth profile is the line which defines the tooth shape in a cross-section of the gear perpendicular tothe
plane of rotation.
Profile Drag - This is drag from the three-dimensional shape of the aircraft or vehicle.
Projectile Motion - A type of motion that occurs near the surface of the Earth when the only force acting on the object is that
of gravity.
Proportional Limit - The point on a stress-strain curve at which the straight line proportionality between stress and strain
ceases.
Propulsion - Process by which something can be moved by producing a reaction with a force of thrust.
PS - Metric horsepower
psi - An abbreviation of pounds per square inch, a British imperial unit of pressure. 1.0 psi = 6894.757 Pa
psia - Gauge pressure plus local atmospheric pressure.
psid - Difference between two pressures.
psig - Difference between the measuring point and the local pressure.
psisg - psi sealed gauge; difference between a chamber of air sealed at atmospheric pressure and the pressure at the
measuring point.
psivg - psi vented gauge; difference between the measuring point and the local pressure.
Psychrometer - An instrument used for measuring the water vapor content of the atmosphere
Pulley - A disc with a groove around its circumference to locate a rope or cable and is used to change the direction of a force
and/or multiply the force.
PV Diagram - A plot of pressure vs. volume.
Pyrometer - A device for measuring the high temperatures in a furnace.
Packed Column - A tower filled with small objects, designed to obtain large surfaces per volume between rising vapors and a
descending liquid
Packing - Material made usually of woven animal, plant, mineral or metal fiber and some type of lubricant, placed in rings
around the shaft of a pump and used to control leakage from the stuffing box
Packing Gland - The metal part that compresses and holds packing in place in a pump stuffing box
Panel Hammer - A special hammer for metalworking.
Paris Bronze - A term given to brass containing 88% copper, 10% zinc and 2% lead used to produce trinkets and souvenirs.
Partial Pressure - When two or more gases occupy a space and each one creates part of the total pressure.
Particulates - Soluble and insoluble dusts and fumes, including submicrons, pyrophorics, hydrocarbons, and toxic metals
Pascal's Law - Pressure imposed upon a fluid is transmitted equally in all directions
Passivation - The changing of the chemically active surface of a metal to a much less reactive state
Peck - An old unit of volume (approximately 8 quarts)
Peen Hammer - A body hammer with a pein of triangular section with a fairly sharply shaped end.
Peening - The mechanical working of metals by means of hammer blows.
Peierls Stress - The stress required to move a dislocation.
Pein Hammer - A body hammer with a pein of triangular section with a fairly sharply shaped end.
Peltier Effect - When a current flows through a thermocouple junction, heat will either be absorbed or evolved depending on
the direction of current flow. This effect is independent of joule I2 R heating.
penetrant inspection - A method of nondestructive testing for determining the existence and extent of discontinuities that
are open to the surface in the part being inspected.
Peritectic - An isothermal reversible reaction in metals where a liquid phase reacts with a solid phase to produce a single
(and different) solid phase upon cooling.
Permeability - Passage / diffusion of a gas, vapor, liquid, or solid through a material without physically or chemically affecting it
Petrol Engine - An internal-combustion engine in which the fuel is petrol that is drawn or injected into the cylinder along with
air and ignited with an electric spark.
Pewter - Tin-base white metal containing antimony and copper: 1 to 8% Sb and 0.25 to 3% Cu.
PFD - Process flow diagram
pH - The negative logarithm of the hydrogen-ion concentration of a solution; simply a measure of the relative acidity or
alkalinity of a water solution
Phase Diagram - Graphical representation of the temperature and composition limits of phase fields in an alloy or ceramic
system.
Phase Transformation - Changes that can occur within a given material system.
Phonon - A single quantum of vibrational or elastic energy.
Photovoltaic Cell — The smallest semiconductor element within a solar module to perform the immediate conversion of light
into electrical energy. Also called a solar cell.
P&ID - Piping & instrumentation diagram
Pick Hammer - A hammer with a round head for conventional planishing and a small pick-shaped head for working away in
sharp or tight corners.
Pickling - The chemical removal of surface oxides and other contaminants from a material by immersion in an aqueous acid
solution.
Piezoelectric - Any material which provides a conversion between mechanical and electrical energy.
Pilot Hole - A starting hole for large drills to serve as a guide.
Pin Connection - In two dimensions, a pin connection restrains two translation degrees of freedom but does not restrain
rotation.
Pin Spanner - A spanner with pins on forked ends, used to turn an adjustable cup on the bottom bracket of a bicycle.
Piping Stress Analysis - Calculations which address static and dynamic loads on process pipe due to the effects of
temperature, pressure, weight, etc.
Piston - A cylindrical part which reciprocates in the cylinder bore of an engine and transmits the force of the gas pressure
through the connecting rod to the crankshaft.
Piston Pin - A pin that rests in two bored holes in the piston and passes through the eye of the connecting rod, to join the
two together flexibly.
Pitch - Pitch is the distance between the teeth on a gear.
Pitch Circle - The effective working circle of a gear which would be obtained if a pair of gears were replacedwith disks that
transmitted the same motion in the same package space through contact friction.
Pitot Tube - An open ended tube arrangement to face against the current of a stream of fluid; used in measuring the velocity
head of a flowing medium
Plain Cutter - A milling cutter with cutting teeth on the periphery only.
Plastic - A solid material in the primary ingredient of which is an organic polymer of high molecular weight.
Plastic Deformation - Deformation that is permanent or nonrecoverable after release of the applied load.
Plasticine - Modelling Clay.
Plasticity - The inverse of elasticity. A material that tends to stay in the shape or size to which it is deformed has high
plasticity.
Plasticizer - A low molecular weight polymer additive that enhances flexibility and workability and reduces stiffness and
brittleness.
Pneumatic - Operated by air pressure
Point Mobility - The velocity at a point per unit force at the same point and same direction.
Poise - Named after the physicist Poiseuille this is the CGS derived unit of dynamic viscosity.
Poissons Ratio - Ratio of strain in the lateral direction to strain in the axial direction.
Polymorphism - Different crystal structures at different temperatures or pressures for a single compound.
Poppet Valve - A valve opened by the action of a cam and closed by a spring.
Porcelain - Made from china clay, a clay consisting mainly of kaolinite.
Porosity - The presence of gas pockets within a solid material.
Potential Energy - The energy, that a body has by virtue of its position or state, enabling it to do work
Power Density - Characteristic parameter of a battery/electrical power source indicating its electrical power per unit weight or
volume.
Power Factor - A quantity that relates the volt amperes of an AC circuit to the wattage
Power Spectral Density - A method of scaling the amplitude axis of spectra of random rather than deterministic signals.
Power Stroke - The working stroke of a piston.
PPM - Parts per million
Prandtl Number - A dimensionless group often used in heat exchange calculations.
Precession - A modern term, derived from the precession of the equinoxes and meaning a motion around a cone of the
rotation axis of a spinning body.
Precision Casting - Also known as investment or lost wax casting, it is based on the use of a mould that is only used once.
Prepreg - A continuous fibre reinforcement pre-impregnated with a polymer resin which is then partially cured.
Pressure - Force exerted per unit area.
Pressure Coefficient - A dimensionless value which acts as a means of indicating the local pressure at some point of interest
around a body, and which is independent of velocity.
Pressure Welding - Any welding process or method in which pressure is used to complete the weld.
Pressure Zone - As sound waves strike a solid surface, the particle velocity is zero at the surface and the pressure is high,
thus creating a high-pressure layer near the surface.
Prick Punch - A solid punch with a sharp point, used to mark centres or other locations on metal.
Profile - The gear tooth profile is the line which defines the tooth shape in a cross-section of the gear perpendicular tothe
plane of rotation.
Profile Drag - This is drag from the three-dimensional shape of the aircraft or vehicle.
Projectile Motion - A type of motion that occurs near the surface of the Earth when the only force acting on the object is that
of gravity.
Proportional Limit - The point on a stress-strain curve at which the straight line proportionality between stress and strain
ceases.
Propulsion - Process by which something can be moved by producing a reaction with a force of thrust.
PS - Metric horsepower
psi - An abbreviation of pounds per square inch, a British imperial unit of pressure. 1.0 psi = 6894.757 Pa
psia - Gauge pressure plus local atmospheric pressure.
psid - Difference between two pressures.
psig - Difference between the measuring point and the local pressure.
psisg - psi sealed gauge; difference between a chamber of air sealed at atmospheric pressure and the pressure at the
measuring point.
psivg - psi vented gauge; difference between the measuring point and the local pressure.
Psychrometer - An instrument used for measuring the water vapor content of the atmosphere
Pulley - A disc with a groove around its circumference to locate a rope or cable and is used to change the direction of a force
and/or multiply the force.
PV Diagram - A plot of pressure vs. volume.
Pyrometer - A device for measuring the high temperatures in a furnace.
 |
| |
 |
| |
 |
| |
 |
| |
 |
| |
 |
| |
 |
| |
 |
| |
 |
| |
 |
Intech.net
International Technical Services
International Technical Services
Engineering Recruiters Engineering Employment Agency Engineering Headhunters Contract Staffing Agency Engineering Jobs
Engineering Glossary, Engineering Dictionary P
Intech.net is proud to present our Engineering Glossary, Engineering Dictionary Letter P
| Copyright© 2008 International Technical Services, LLC. All Rights Reserved. |
| __________________________________________________________________________________ |